Different Types of Wireless Communication with Applications

The term wireless communication was introduced in the 19th century and wireless communication technology has developed over the subsequent years. It is one of the most important mediums of transmission of information from one device to another devices. In this technology, the information can be transmitted through the air without requiring any cable or wires or other electronic conductors, by using electromagnetic waves like IR, RF, satellite, etc. In the present day, wireless communication technology refers to a variety of wireless communication devices and technologies ranging from smartphones to computers, tabs, laptops, Bluetooth Technology, printers. This article gives an overview of wireless communication and types of wireless communication.

Introduction to Types of Wireless Communication

In the present days, the wireless communication system has become an essential part of various types of wireless communication devices, that permits the user to communicate even from remote operated areas. There are different types of wireless communication devices like mobiles. Cordless telephones, Zigbee wireless technology, GPS, Wi-Fi, satellite television, and wireless computer parts. Current wireless phones include 3 and 4G networks, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi technologies.

History

The history of wireless communication is discussed below.

• The first telegraph was invented (1600 – 1833)
• The invention of the radio from the telegraph (1867-1896)
• The birth of radio (1897 – 898)
• Transoceanic Communication (1901 –1909)
• Voice over Radio and the First Television Transmissions (1914 – 1940)
• Commercial Television and the Birth of Mobile Telephony (1946 – 1976)
• Cellular Mobile Telephony and Steps toward Wireless Internet (1979 – 1994)
• The Wireless Data Era (1997 – 2009)
• PCS (1995-2008)

Why Wireless Communication?

We know that communication using wires can do most of the tasks like wireless communication, so what is the main use of wireless communication? The main advantage of wireless communication is mobility. This kind of communication provides flexibility and very easy to use excepting mobility. For instance, mobile telephony can be implemented anytime and anyplace through significantly high throughput performance.

One more point is its infrastructure because, for the wired communication systems, the fitting of infrastructure is a costly & time taking task whereas the installation of wireless communication infrastructure is very simple and less cost.

from the above information, finally, we can conclude that in remote areas as well as emergency situations, the wired communication setup is not easy but wireless communication is a possible choice. There are many reasons to employ wireless communication like liberty from wires, global coverage, flexibility & stay connected.

Types of Wireless Communication

At present, the usage of mobiles has been increased for different requirements like the internet, talking, multimedia, gaming, photos, video capturing, etc. All these services are available on mobile. Using wireless communication services, we can transfer data, voice, images, videos, and many more.

The different services provided by the wireless communication system is a cellular telephone, Radio¸ paging, TV, video conferencing, etc use different communication services, there are different wireless communications systems are developed based on the application. Some of them are discussed below. A wireless Communication system is classified into Simplex, Half Duplex & Full Duplex.

The simple wireless communication system is one-way communication. In this type, the communication can be done in one direction only. The best example is the radio broadcast system.
The half Duplex communication system is two-way communication, however, it is not simultaneous. The best example of this type of communication is walkie – talkie.

The full Duplex communication system is also two-way communication & it is simultaneous. The best example of this communication system is the mobile phone. In wireless communication, the devices which are used for communication may change from one service to others because these are available in different shape, size & data throughput. The region enclosed through this type of communication system is an essential factor. Here, some of the most essential wireless communication systems are discussed like IR wireless communication, satellite communication, broadcast radio, Microwave radio, Bluetooth, Zigbee, etc.

Please refer to this link for Wireless Communication Interview Questions & Answers

Satellite Communication

Satellite communication is one type of self-contained wireless communication technology, it is widely spread all over the world to allow users to stay connected almost anywhere on the earth. When the signal (a beam of modulated microwave) is sent near the satellite then, the satellite amplifies the signal and sent it back to the antenna receiver which is located on the surface of the earth. Satellite communication contains two main components like the space segment and the ground segment. The ground segment consists of fixed or mobile transmission, reception, and ancillary equipment and the space segment, which mainly is the satellite itself. Please refer to this link to know more about the Satellite Communication System

Infrared Communication

Infrared wireless communication communicates information in a device or system through IR radiation. IR is electromagnetic energy at a wavelength that is longer than that of red light. It is used for security control, TV remote control, and short-range communications. In the electromagnetic spectrum, IR radiation lies between microwaves and visible light. So, they can be used as a source of communication.

For successful infrared communication, a photo LED transmitter and a photodiode receptor are required. The LED transmitter transmits the IR signal in the form of nonvisible light, that is captured and saved by the photoreceptor. So the information between the source and the target is transferred in this way. The source and destination can be mobile phones, TVs, security systems, laptops, etc support wireless communication. Please refer to this link to know more about Infrared Communication

Broadcast Radio

The first wireless communication technology is open radio communication to seek out widespread use, and it still serves a purpose nowadays. Handy multichannel radios permit a user to speak over short distances, whereas citizen’s band and maritime radios offer communication services for sailors. Ham radio enthusiasts share data and function emergency communication aids throughout disasters with their powerful broadcasting gear, and can even communicate digital information over the radio frequency spectrum.

Mostly an audio broadcasting service, radio broadcasts sound through the air as radio waves. The radio uses a transmitter that is used to transmit the data in the form of radio waves to a receiving antenna(Different Types of Antennas). To broadcast common programming, stations are associated with the radio N/W’s. The broadcast happens either in simulcast or syndication or both. Radio broadcasting may be done via cable FM, the net, and satellites. A broadcast sends information over long distances at up to two megabits/Sec (AM/FM Radio).

Radio waves are electromagnetic signals, that are transmitted by an antenna. These waves have completely different frequency segments, and you will be ready to obtain an audio signal by changing into a frequency segment.

For example, you can take a radio station. When the RJ says you are listening to 92.7 BIG FM, what he really means is that signals are being broadcasted at a frequency of 92.7megahertz, which successively means the transmitter at the station is periodic at a frequency of 92.700,000 cycles/second.

When you would like to listen to 92.7 BIG FM, all you have to do is tune the radio to just accept that specific frequency and you will receive perfect audio reception.

Microwave Communication

Microwave wireless communication is an effective type of communication, mainly this transmission uses radio waves, and the wavelengths of radio waves are measured in centimeters. In this communication, the data or information can be transfers using two methods. One is the satellite method and another one is a terrestrial method.

Wherein satellite method, the data can be transmitted through a satellite, that orbit 22,300 miles above the earth. Stations on the earth send and receive data signals from the satellite with a frequency ranging from 11GHz-14GHz and with a transmission speed of 1Mbps to 10Mbps.

In the terrestrial method, in which two microwave towers with a clear line of sight between them are used, ensuring no obstacles to disrupt the line of sight. So it is used often for the purpose of privacy. The frequency range of the terrestrial system is typically 4GHz-6GHz and with a transmission speed is usually 1Mbps to 10Mbps. The main disadvantage of microwave signals is, they can be affected by bad weather, especially rain. Please refer to this link to know more about Microwaves – Basics, Applications and Effects

Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi is a low power wireless communication, that is used by various electronic devices like smartphones, laptops, etc.In this setup, a router works as a communication hub wirelessly. These networks allow users to connect only within close proximity to a router. WiFi is very common in networking applications which affords portability wirelessly. These networks need to be protected with passwords for the purpose of security, otherwise, it will access by others

Mobile Communication Systems

The advancement of mobile networks is enumerated by generations. Many users communicate across a single frequency band through mobile phones. Cellular and cordless phones are two examples of devices that make use of wireless signals. Typically, cell phones have a larger range of networks to provide coverage. But, Cordless phones have a limited range. Similar to GPS devices, some phones make use of signals from satellites to communicate.

Bluetooth Technology

The main function of Bluetooth technology is that permits you to connect various electronic devices wirelessly to a system for the transferring of data. Cell phones are connected to hands-free earphones, mouse, wireless keyboard. By using the Bluetooth device the information from one device to another device. This technology has various functions and it is used commonly in the wireless communication market. Please refer to this link to know more about How does Bluetooth work?

Global Positioning System (GPS)

In satellite communication, GPS or global positioning system is a subcategory. This kind of system is used to help by providing different wireless services such as speed, location, navigation, positioning using satellites, and GPS receivers. Please refer to this link to know more about the Global Positioning System. Please refer to this link to know more about How GPS System Works?

Paging

A paging system allows one-way communication to a huge audience. Apart from the broadcast source, this kind of paging system allows the speaker to give clear, amplified commands throughout a capacity. When the employee of paging communicates through a telephone then the message will be broadcasted throughout the speakers of the system. After that, messages can also be recorded.

There are many benefits by using this type of communication system like the following.

• E-mails are frequently ignored otherwise recorded through spam blockers.
• Mass texts mostly lie on a telephone network.
• This system is wired into the infrastructure of the building that allows consistent mass communication.
• Systems of speakers make sure that a message converses with each region of a building concurrently. It’s also achievable to transmit pages to exact building “zones” if required.
• Another advantage of this paging system is that no dedicated broadcast device is necessary. An employee can just lift the phone, choose the paging system & broadcast the whole building.

Radar

Radar is an electromagnetic sensor or detection system used to track, locate, detect & and identify objects of different types at significant distances. The operation of this detection system can be done by sending electromagnetic energy in the direction of objects, usually called targets, which observes the echoes. Here the targets may be ships, astronomical bodies, aircraft, spacecraft, automotive vehicles, insects, etc. Please refer to this link to know more about RADAR- Basics, Types & Applications

Radio Frequency Identification

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is one kind of wireless communication that uses electrostatic coupling otherwise electromagnetic in the RF portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to exclusively identify a person, object & animal. It is used in manufacturing, healthcare, shipping, home use, retail sales, inventory management, etc.

RFID & barcode technology are used in related methods to track inventory, however, three significant differences will make everyone a better choice in certain circumstances. In real-time, the data which is stored within the RFID tag can be updated. Indifference, the data in the bar code is read-only & cannot be altered. RFID tags need a power source whereas the bar codes simply need the technology to read the bar code to include a power source. Please refer to this link to know more about RFID Tags & Applications

Advantages

As compared with wired systems, wireless communication systems have several benefits. The advantages of wireless communication include the following.

Price

The price of fixing cables, wires & other communications can be reduced within wireless communication. Therefore the total cost of the system can be reduced as evaluated with wired communication. Fixing a wired network within a building, digging up the soil to place the cables to run those wires across the roads is a very hard, expensive, and time taking task.

In old constructions, making holes to fix the cables is not a good idea because it demolishes the integrity as well as the significance of the building. In addition, in older constructions with no committed shape for communication, Wi-Fi otherwise WLAN is the single option.

Mobility

As previously mentioned, mobility is the major benefit of this communication system. It gives the liberty to go around when it is still connected to the system.

Simple Installation

The system & fitting of equipment in wireless communication network & communications is extremely simple because we shouldn’t be anxious regarding the irritate of cables. In addition, the time necessary to connect a wireless system very less as compared with a full cable-based network.

Consistency

In wireless communication, there is no involvement of wires and cables so communication failure is not happened because of the harm of these cables which may be caused based on the ecological conditions, normal reduction of metallic conductors, and splice of cable.

Tragedy Recovery

When fire accidents, disasters, or floods occur, then the loss of communication in the system can be negligible.

• Any data or information can be transmitted faster and with a high speed
• Maintenance and installation is less cost for these networks.
• The internet can be accessed from anywhere wirelessly
• It is very helpful for workers, doctors working in remote areas as they can be in touch with medical centers.

Disadvantages

Wireless communication has some drawbacks as compared with wired communication. The disadvantages of wireless communication include health, security, and interference.

Interference

In a wireless communication system, the signals can be transmitted by using open space like the medium. So, there is a chance of interfacing the radio signals from one network to other networks like Bluetooth and WLAN. These technologies utilize the 2.4GHz frequency to communicate when they are active as well as; there is a chance of intrusion.

Safety

Security is the main concern in the wireless communication system because when the signals are broadcasted within open space, then there is a chance of interrupting the signals & copy sensitive data.

Health Concerns

Exposure to any kind of radiation continuously can cause health issues. Although, the RF energy range can cause injure are not exactly recognized, it is informed to keep away from RF radiation to the most.

• An unauthorized person can easily capture the wireless signals which spread through the air.
• It is very important to secure the wireless network so that the information cannot be misused by unauthorized users

Generation of Wireless Communication

The different generations of wireless communication include the following.

• 1st Generation (1G)
• 2nd Generation (2G)
• 3rd Generation (3G)
• 4th Generation (4G)
• 5th Generation (5G)

Applications of Wireless Communication

Applications of wireless communication involve security systems, television remote control, Wi-Fi, Cell phones, wireless power transfer, computer interface devices, and various wireless communication-based projects.

Wireless Communication Based Projects

Wireless communication-based projects mainly include different types of wireless communication technologies like Bluetooth, GPS, GSM, RFID, and Zigbee projects which are listed below.

• Android Based Smart Phone Used for Induction Motor Control
• Smart Phone Controlled Traffic Signal Override with Density Sensing System
• Arduino based Home Automation
• Phone Controlled-Load Management System
• Robotic Vehicle Movement By Cell Phone
• Dialed Telephone Number LED Based Display System
• DTMF based Load Control System
• Dedicated Message Communication Wirelessly between Two Computers
• Wireless Message Communication between Two Computers
• Android-based Remotely Programmable Sequential Load Operation
• Remotely Controlled Android based Electronic Notice Board
• Remote Operated Domestic Appliances Control by Android Application
• Remote Password Operated Security Control by Android Applications
• Home Automation by Android Application based Remote Control

Therefore, this is all about Types of wireless communication, these networks are one of the important technologies in the telecommunications market. WiFi, WiMax, Bluetooth, Femtocell, 3G, and 4G are some of the most important standards of Wireless technology. The information which is given in this article will be helpful to the viewers. Furthermore, for any queries, suggestions, or electronics projects, you can comment on us by commenting in the comment section below. Here is a question for you “What are the Advanced Technologies in Types of Wireless Communication?”