Solar Powered Led Street Light with Auto Intensity Control Circuit and Working

As we know that, nowadays energy sources are limited and energy consumption has increased, So renewable energy sources are used to meet the increase in the demand for energy. Keeping this in mind in this article, we are discussing a solar-powered LED street light with auto intensity control. This project is driven by solar energy used to control the light intensity from morning to evening based on the brightness. A case study is also done to demonstrate the advantages of this solar LED street light compared to the traditional street light. Because this solar-powered street light can conserve a large amount of electricity compared to the other lights which are a light to their maximum intensity at all times after they are turned on Solar Powered Led Street Light with Auto Intensity Control Circuit and Its Working.

Solar Powered Led Street Light

The solar-powered street light works on the principle of solar cells or PV cells to absorb solar energy in the daytime. The PV cells convert solar energy to the electrical energy. The converted energy is stored in the battery and the  solar street lights use solar energy. Nowadays solar street lights are available beside the roads. At night time, the lamps start automatically and it uses the electrical energy which is stored in the battery. Every day this process continues

Light-emitting diode comprises of the chemical compound. When the direct current from the battery passes through the light, then it gives the light. Solar LEDs are available in different shapes, styles, and sizes. Generally, the life span of the light-emitting diode is very high and it requires very little current.

Working of a Solar Powered Led Street Light with Auto Intensity Control Circuit and Its Working

The solar-powered led street lights activate from dusk to dawn. The LED street light automatically turns ON after the dusk and turns OFF after the dawn. The designing of the entire system includes: Solar panels, LED light, Rechargeable battery, Controller, Pole, and Interconnecting cables.

Solar Panels

The solar panel or PV cell in the solar street light is one of the most essential parts. These cells are available in two types: monocrystalline and polycrystalline. The monocrystalline conversion rate is higher than the polycrystalline. The light energy used by the solar panels from the sun is used to change solar energy into electricity, which can be used in various applications.

Electrical connections of this project are made in series to achieve an o/p voltage and to afford current facility connections are made in parallel. The majority of the modules use silicon (Si) but most of the solar panels are fixed.

Light Emitting Diode

LEDs are used in modern street lights to provide brighter light with low energy consumption. The energy consumption of the LED fixture is lesser than the high-pressure sodium fixture, which is commonly used in traditional street lights. Compare to the other lamps, LED lights do not produce light in all directions. The design of lamps can be affected by the uniqueness of the LEDs. The single LED o/p is not equal to the incandescent and fluorescent lamps. But, a bunch of LEDs will give bright light than these two lamps. The advantages of LEDs mainly include Eco-friendly, durable, zero UV emissions, and long life.

Rechargeable Battery

The rechargeable battery is one kind of electric battery and it has electro-mechanical reactions to adjust so it is also called a secondary cell. Generally, there are two kinds of batteries, namely gel cell deep cycle, and lead-acid battery. A rechargeable battery is used in solar LED street lights, this battery is used to store electricity generated from the solar panel during the sunrise to afford energy in the sunset. The lifetime and capacity of the rechargeable battery are essential as they affect the backup power days of the lights.

Controller

A controller is a very significant device in the solar street light, used to decide the status of the charging and lighting by a switch on or switch off. Some recent controllers are pre-programmed and it consists of a battery charger, a Led lamp driver, a driver, a secondary power supply, an MCU, and a protection circuit. The battery can be controlled by the controller from the under and overcharging conditions. The battery can be charged by the power received from the solar panels in the sunrise and while in the sunset it charges the battery.

Pole

A strong pole is mandatory for every street light and also for a solar street light. There are various components such as panels, batteries, and fixtures fixed on the top of the pole. In this light, the i/p operating voltage is 12V DC which is a nominal system voltage, and the light o/p at the height of 12 feet is a minimum of 09 LUX (unit of luminance).

Interconnecting Cables

The cable is used to interconnect the LED, solar panel and battery box which is fixed on the top of the pole. This cable is used to connect a Photovoltaic module to the controller, controller to the lamps, and battery. The size and length of the cable depend on the current being carried to the LED lights and the height of the pole. The assembling of the entire solar LED street light system can be connected using all the above components which use solar energy to give the power to the LED lamps fixed on street poles.

Thus, this is all about Solar Powered Led Street Light with Auto Intensity Control. We hope that you have got a better understanding of this concept. Furthermore, any queries regarding this concept or electrical and electronic projects, please give your feedback in the comment section below. Here is a question for you, what is the function of a solar panel?