Microcontroller based Electrical Projects

Unlike electronics projects, electrical projects require a power supply that needs to be rated at a high power level rather than a signal level. And these projects are quite complex and demand high investments. The major areas that handle the projects of electrical engineering include electric power generation, communication, power system equipment handling and maintenance, industrial control and robotics, energy systems and power electronics, and so on. Therefore, this article Microcontroller Based Electrical Projects for students in different areas that are mentioned above.

Microcontroller based Electrical Projects

In the present education scenario, electrical engineering students are showing a lot of interest to do major and mini electrical projects using advanced control technologies. But, it is advisable for many experts to start doing projects from the basic level using basic controllers like microcontrollers. So, here we have discussed new and popular microcontroller-based electrical projects such as a speed control unit for a DC motor, Electrical Cable Fault Locator, Stepper Motor Controlling System, etc. These projects for beginners will certainly helpful while doing in a practical manner.

Automatic Phase Change over for 3 Phase Electricity System using AT89C52 Microcontroller

The aim of this project is to check the availability of a three-phase supply that is connected to the loads by using an AT89C52 Microcontroller. The microcontroller continuously checks the conditions of the phases connected to the loads and correspondingly changes the supply source using relays. A relay driver is used to drive the transistor in order to energize relay coils.

Under the phase failure condition of any phase, this system detects and automatically transfers to the other active phase by switching the corresponding relay. In the event of all three-phase failures or main outages, the system delivers uninterrupted power to the loads from the inverter source. An LCD display is connected to the system to display the status of the phase condition.

Designing of Odometer-Cum-Speedometer using 8051 Microcontroller

Many luxury cars and motorbikes make use of digital speedometers, even a motorbike equipped with a mechanical speedometer. In case of any damage to the speedometer first, you have to replace the mechanical worm gear and then the cable. To solve this problem we have designed a digital Odometer-Cum-Speedometer using an 8051 microcontroller, LCD display, and other components. This speedometer is a better one compared to the mechanical speedometer and a beginner can also easily assemble it.

In this proposed system a magnetic sensor is used to sense the rotational speed of the motorbike and optocouplers are used to transfer digital data between two isolated circuits. EEPROM circuit is used to store the digital readings saved in nonvolatile memory and an oscillator circuit to generate the output and this generated output is compared with the data stored in the microcontroller. The LCD display is interfaced with a microcontroller to display the speed and distance traveled by the motorbike.

X-BEE Based Remote Monitoring of 3 Parameters on Transformer-Generator Health

This project defines a way to acquire data of transformers remotely by using the XBEE module or GSM modem. The components such as a temperature sensor, three current transformers, and three potential transformers are used for acquiring the data of the transformer.

Three analog values of the transformer are taken in a multiplexing mode by 8051 microcontrollers which is interfaced through an ADC 0808. Then the corresponding values of the sensors are sent sequentially based on the frequency of the multiplexing of ADC 0808 by the microcontroller. The values are then sent to the XBEE module which operates at a frequency of 2.4 GHz for transmitting data.

In the receiver unit, a remote receiver uses an 8051 microcontroller to receive the real-time data and after the processing of this data, corresponding results are displayed on the LCD display.

Bi-Directional Rotation of an Induction Motor with a Remote Control Device

This microcontroller based project defines a way to drive an induction motor for the required application in forward and reverse directions by using wireless communication technology. Consider an example; an exhaust fan can be used in both directions to fresh air and to exhaust the hot air out. This system can be used in the case of the conventional exhaust of a fan that rotates only in one direction.

This proposed system gives a visual demonstration to rotate an induction motor in a clockwise and anti-clockwise direction and the TV remote is used to control the direction of the motor.

When a TV remote button is pressed, it sends an IR signal to an IR receiver, the output IR signal generated from the IR receiver is fed to an 8051 microcontroller which is interfaced to the relay driver. The relay switching is done in the bistable mode for an induction motor to move in a forward and backward direction.

WSN Based Design of Electrical Substation Temperature Monitoring System

In recent years the design and implementation of wireless sensor networks have become an emerging area of research. Since the considerable environmental effect on electrical substation equipment causes electrical accidents, therefore, to provide security in such conditions remote monitoring is necessary. Thus, this system is intended to design a temperature monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks.

This system improves the environment of the electrical substation and ensures the operation of the substation, additionally monitors the conditions of switches and power distribution equipment.

Microcontroller based Electrical Mini Projects

The list of microcontroller based electrical projects for engineering students include the following. These projects are designed with different microcontrollers based on the requirement. The categories of electrical projects mainly include automation, sensor, solar, motor, etc.

Displaying of Custom Animations

This project is used to display the custom made animation characters using an LCD screen is very exciting. In this project, operation and its working principle can be explained by displaying animation on LCD with the help of an AT89C51 Microcontroller. In general, a pattern can be defined in CG RAM & prints the character. Although, it is also achievable to modify the CG RAM for different characters available on the screen & their appearance will modify

Implementation of Propeller Clock in Real-Time

This project implements a propeller clock using a microcontroller in real-time. This clock includes a set of LEDs where these LEDs are turning at a high angular speed to generate a circular shape screen. This propeller clock is implemented using an AT89S52 microcontroller, IR sensor, an array of LEDs & a DC motor is used for rotation.

Speed Control System of Ceiling Fan based on Temperature

The ceiling fan speed controlling can be done manually using the regulator. So this proposed system implements an automatic speed control system for ceiling fans using microcontrollers. The temperature can be measured using a temperature sensor. Moreover, an LCD is used for displaying the present temperature as well as the fan speed.

Odometer using Microcontroller

This project is used to design a digital speedometer & odometer for your bike. The odometer circuit can be designed with basic components, an LCD, and a microcontroller. This meter is an alternative to the speedometer used in the mechanical field. The assembling of this device is very simple as it requires minimum skills.

Tachometer using Microcontroller

A tachometer is one kind of electronic digital transducer, which is used to measure the rotary shaft’s speed. To understand any kind of rotational system, the rpm value is mandatory. This tachometer is used to measure the rpm speed of the tools used on the shop-floor as well as several household equipments without any electrical or mechanical interface.

Home Automation through Motion and Temperature Controller

This project is used to make a home automation system to control the lights & also to maintain the temperature. This microcontroller uses sensors like temperature and motion along with an ATmega microcontroller. These sensors detect the data and transmit it to the microcontroller.

The loads used in this project are light, fan, etc. based on the sensor data, the system drives various electrical loads to give a level of experience to anyone there in the location where this system is used. This system is energy-efficient, robust, and secured.

Automation of Public Garden using Microcontroller

The most essential task in the field of garden and agriculture is to provide sufficient water to the plants as well as crops. The proposed system is used to implement an automation system in the garden and agriculture using a microcontroller. The timings are preprogrammed in the microcontroller used & the particular solenoid taps are turned ON/OFF accordingly.

Home Appliances Controlling through Bluetooth & Microcontroller

This project is used to control electrical home appliances with the help of an Android device. In this system, an 8051 microcontroller is used which is interfaced with the Bluetooth module. This module will get the commands from the Android device through wireless communication.

Automation of Street Lights using Microcontroller

This project implements an automation system for street lights using a microcontroller. The main components used in this project are a PIC micro-controller, a set of relays, a photoelectric sensor, & LDR for the automation purpose. Whenever any light absence or movement detection is done then automatically the relays will be turned ON/OFF so that street lights will be turned ON/OFF.

Sorting System in Industries by Sensing Color or Metal

The automation system in industries is used to handle the materials to speed up the procedure of movement of the supplies. In this project, a sorting system in industries using a microcontroller is implemented to detect the color as well as metal. The proposed system includes a position sensor based on IR, a metal proximity sensor & a color sensor. This microcontroller activates the actions on the arm of the robot & conveyor belt depending upon the sensor values.

Prepaid Energy Meter using AVR Microcontroller

We know that, billing systems are almost manual operated and may occur errors while using. To overcome the problems of errors as well as manual operation, an AVR microcontroller-based prepaid energy meter system is developed. In this meter, a range can be fixed, so whenever the meter gets that fixed range, then the GSM module specifies the operator through a notification.

Digital Tachometer using Microcontroller

The tachometer is an electrical device, used to measure motor revolutions. The exact feedback of a tachometer is used to enhance the performance and efficiency of the motor. The microcontroller used in this device is AT89C2051. This digital tachometer can be implemented for providing highly precise results.

Microcontroller Based Electrical Projects based on Motor include the following.

PIC Microcontroller based Controlling of Servo Motor

An alternative to stepper motors, servo motors are used where high accuracy control is necessary. This project implements a system for controlling servo motor using a PIC microcontroller. The rotation angle of this motor can be changed with the help of a GUI based on MATLAB depending on the sliders of GUI.

Three Phase Induction Motor Control using Microcontroller & PWM Technique

The applications of induction motor mainly include consumer as well as industrial. There are different techniques to control this motor such as controlling stator frequency. An induction motor control system using a microcontroller is used in different applications like cement, chemical, textile where the required speed can be attained. This project uses a PIC microcontroller for generating the required PWM signals. For wireless communication, it employs FM signals.

DC Motor Temperature Control with Microcontroller

This project is used to design a circuit for controlling the fan which is connected to the DC motor once the temperature is higher than a threshold value. This project applies to the CPU for controlling the heat and home applications.

Speed Control of DC Motor with PWM

This project is used to control the speed of a dc motor with the help of the PWM technique and microcontroller. This project uses an AVR microcontroller to make the circuit of speed control of the motor by using a PWM method.

Control System of ACPWM for Induction Motor

A system like ACPWM control is used for an induction motor that allows the AC motor with a single-phase to run at various speeds. The main function of this project is to control the AC power through the concept of firing angle in thyristors. This project uses an AVR microcontroller to control the entire operation.

Fuzzy Logic-based Speed Control of BLDC Motor

This project is used to control the speed of a BLDC motor with the help of fuzzy logic. In this project, 8051 microcontrollers are used for the required operation. The sensor used in this project is IR to monitor the motor speed constantly and also tracks the rotation of the motor as well as measures motos’ RPM.

The interfacing of this sensor can be done using the microcontroller so that input can be provided to the microcontroller. After that, this microcontroller calculates the speed of the motor depending on the provided signals from the sensor. This project uses an LCD that is interfaced with the microcontroller so that the system status and also motor speed can be displayed.

The proposed system employs the fuzzy logic for increasing and decreasing the PWM supply depending on the speed of the fan observed to maintain its spinning extremely near to the preferred speed. So, the microcontroller continually provides PWM pulses to run the motor at approximately the preferred speed according to the fuzzy logic.

DC Motor Control at Exact Speed through Closed Loop

The project is used to control the BLDC motor speed through the control technique using a loop. In industries, controlling the speed of DC motor is essential that uses spinning, drilling, elevators, etc. Thus, this project gives an efficient instrument to control the speed. In this project, the speed can be controlled by using the PWM technique.

This motor is arranged on closed-loop-based feedback & the microcontroller provides RPM reference to the arrangement of a shaft-mounted infrared reflection. The motor speed can be measured through the infrared sensor which is connected to the microcontroller & displayed on LCD.

Induction Motor Control using Android & Seven Segment Display

The project is used to control the speed of an induction motor remotely through an android device. The project uses a transmitter otherwise a connection of Bluetooth. The transmitter generates the signals which are received from the Bluetooth.

Here, Bluetooth is interfaced with the microcontroller and it is connected with the motor. Every time, the signal sent can be performed through the microcontroller to thyristors using optical isolation. The different loads are arranged in series through the thyristor for controlling the power depending on the signal.

Robotics Projects using Microcontroller

Please refer to this link to know more Robotics Projects using Microcontroller

Some More Electrical Project Ideas for Students

Nowadays, many engineering students are interested in microcontroller-based projects. So, here we are listing out some of the top electrical projects which may give a better idea on microcontroller-based electrical projects for electrical engineering students in selecting the projects during their academics.

1. Active-Current Pulse Width Modulation Control for Induction Motor
2. X-BEE Based Remote Monitoring of 3 Parameters on Transformer-Generator Health
3. 8051 Microcontroller Based Industrial Temperature Controller
4. Bi-Directional Rotation of an Induction Motor with a Remote Control Device
5. Design and Implementation of an OPC and PLC based DC Motor Control Laboratory
6. Automatic System for controlling and measuring the Length of a Moving Products in Industries
7. Design of control system and integrated supervision for substation
8. WSN Based Design of Electrical Substation Temperature Monitoring System
9. Challenges and Direction towards the SCADA System in Secure Communication
10. Design and Control of Variable Speed Induction Machine Wind Generation System using Fuzzy Logic Controller
11. Zigbee communication and a Low Power Embedded Board based Current Measurement and Remote Power on/off control for Home Electric Outlets
12. Design and Implementation of Speed Control Unit for a DC Motor
13. Zigbee Communication Technology-based Development of a Smart Power Meter for Automatic Meter Indication
14. Design and Implementation of New Power Quality Solutions for Industrial Applications
15. Transformers less Low Loss Direct-Current Converter
16. 8051 Microcontroller based Electrical Cable Fault Locator
17. Single Phasing Preventer using 8051 Microcontroller
18. 8051 Microcontroller Interfacing with DC Motor
19. 8051 Microcontroller and ULN 2003 based Stepper Motor Controlling System
20. Motor Protector Cum Water Level Controller using 8051 Microcontroller
21. Designing of Odometer-Cum-Speedometer using 8051 Microcontroller
22. 8051 Microcontroller based Industrial or Home Automation
23. Differential Protection of Transformer Using 8051 Microcontroller
24. AT89C51 Microcontroller based Dedicated PID Controller for Temperature
25. Touch Screen and 8051 Microcontroller Based Motor Speed Control  and Direction Controlling  System

These are the Microcontroller Based Electrical Projects for students, which are used in various applications such as industrial automation, power systems, and power electronics, etc. We are glad for the efforts of our readers for spending their valuable time on this article. Apart from this, for any help or suggestions regarding these electronics and electrical projects, you can contact us by commenting in the comment section below.