General Electronics Project Ideas for Engineering Students

Here we are listing out some important and useful general electronics project ideas for engineering students. These project ideas are more beneficial to many final year ECE and EEE students in completing their B.Tech successfully.

General Electronics Project Ideas:

Note: You may get the abstract, output video and block diagram for each project present in the above list by clicking on corresponding links.

Details about few projects

1. Induction motor protection system:

The induction motors used in many industries require three phase power supply for their operation. When one of the phases is disconnected or there is a fault in any one phase, the power supply to the motor is affected and it gets damaged. Also when temperature of the motor increases, it gets heated up and gets damaged. This project develops a project to sense the three phases along with the temperature and accordingly disconnect the power supply to the load incase of any abnormalities.

The system uses three comparators to sense the voltage at each phase by comparing the voltage with a fixed reference value. Each comparator output drives a transistor which in turn acts as a switch to energize or de energizes the relay. Thus for three phases there are 3 comparators and three relays. A thermistor is used to sense the temperature of the motor and the resistance of the thermistor is compared with a fixed resistance to sense any change in temperature and accordingly the comparator output drives the relay. All the 4 relays are connected in series to drive a single relay with 3 CO contacts. When common contact of any one relay is connected to the normally open terminal, the supply to all the other relays gets disconnected and eventually the main relay cuts off the connection to the loads.

2. Electronic soft start for 3 phase induction motor:

This project develops a way to start a 3 phase induction motor by using power electronic devices. It incorporates electronic means to vary the firing angle delay of the power electronic device, i..e. the thyristor and accordingly control the  application of AC power to the motor wherein the motor is given less power supply during starting and then the supply increases gradually.

For each phase the AC voltage is converted to DC voltage and the DC voltage is processed by the control unit. A level voltage is generated using comparators and a ramp voltage is generated for each phase using another set of comparators. For each phase the ramp voltage is compared with the level voltage and when this ramp voltage is more than the level voltage, the control unit generates a pulse to the optoisolator to trigger the respective SCR. The triggering pulses are initially given with higher delay and gradually the delay is reduced, thus controlling the conduction of the SCRs in each phase. Here lamps are used in place of motor for demonstration.

3. Mains Operated LEDs:

AC power supply at homes can be used to provide biasing to a string of LEDs. This can be used as a cost effective home lightening system. AC supply can be given to an array of LEDs using a capacitor and a resistor and a pair of back to back connected diodes.

The LEDs are connected in series- parallel combination and the capacitor is used to limit the AC voltage and the resistor is used to limit the AC current. The diodes are connected in back to back connection to provide the rectification. The connection of LEDs in series-parallel combination ensures a constant voltage supply to each combination of LEDs.

4. Thermistor based temperature control:

Thermistors are resistors whose resistance varies with temperature. Few thermistors have positive coefficient of temperature while few have negative coefficient of temperature. Here a NTC thermistor is used whose change in resistance is accordingly monitored to sense the change in temperature and a temperature control system is developed maintain a constant temperature.

As the resistance of the  thermistor decreases due to increase in temperature , it causes a change in voltage drop across the thermistor. This voltage drop is compared with a fixed voltage which is proportional to the threshold temperature. When this voltage drop is lower than the fixed voltage , the comparator unit accordingly drives the relay to switch on the cooler to decrease the temperature. Here a lamp is used in place of a cooler for demonstration purpose.

5. 4 quadrant DC motor control without using Microcontroller:

This project incorporates electronic devices to achieve control of motors in all the 4 quadrants. This project ensures a way to achieve instantaneous brake of motors in both directions and also a way to achieve speed control.

Few More Projects

The list of following engineering projects mainly includes electronics and electrical projects

• Electronic Eye Controlled Security System
• Speed Checker to Detect Rash Driving on Highways
• Home Automation Using Digital Control
• Intelligent Overhead Tank Water Level Indicator
• Wireless Audio Transmitter For Tv
• Smooth Start of A Single Phase Induction Motor
• High Voltage DC By Marx Generator Principles
• Incoming Phone Ring Light Flasher
• Automatic Emergency Led Light
• Propeller Display of Message by Virtual Leds
• Wire Loop Breaking Alarm Signal
• Phase Sequence Checker For Three Phase Supply
• Step Up 6 Volt DC To 10 Volt DC Using 555 Timer
• Touch Controlled Load Switch
• Solar Power Charge Controller
• Hidden Active Cell Phone Detector
• Automatic Dusk To Dawn (Evening On To Morning Off)
• Pre-Programmed Digital Scrolling Message System
• Auto Intensity Control of Street Lights